Hi,
1) Is the higgs associated with a repulsive force? And is it pushing or was it pushed?
As the higgs causes mass by interfering with particle's motions then I guess that the higgs field must be being pushed by the particles acquiring mass.
But the higgs itself gains mass by pushing on other higgs fields, then the higgs is both pushing and pushed.
2) in Penrose's CCC model, the start of cycle has the universe located in a single bosonic state, presumably of spin 0. Entropy increases as the contents split into more and more fermionic particles and the Exclusion Principle requires those states to be distinct. Increase in entropy seems to me to be related to increase in the volume of space enclosed by the fermions. So entropy is related to the expansion. Entropy is fueled by the amount of matter/fields available in the initial bosonic single state.
In my preon model #5 (details here if interested:
http://wp.me/p18gTT-1l), the higgs has generations and the discovered higgs is third generation, as are the top and bottom quarks and the tau. The vacuum also has in it completely static or neutral matter/fields (the higgs is not completely static as it has weak isospin) of different generations. The neutral matter tends to subdivide into more states with more particles which fuels entropy and expansion. Matter and fields are finite and limited to countable preons. The breaking down of higher generations into lower generations fuels the increase in entropy and expansion.
3) I have never understood the idea of swapping particles as an attractive force. If I throw a cricket ball my body gains momentum away from the catcher. The catcher of the ball also gains momentum away from me. That fits a repulsive force.
In my preon model the repulsion between an e- and an e- is caused by an exchange of preons between the two particles. Both particles change handedness in the interaction, and a LH particle is a different structure to a RH paricle. A complication in my model is that a first generation higgs (i.e. 1/4H) is needed as a catalyst in this interaction, but the preons are swapped between particles.
In the attraction between an e- and an e+, the first generation higgs is also needed, but the interaction is between the higgs and the particles and no preons are swapped between particles. A closed loop is set up between the particle by the creating a 1/4 Higgs- and 1/4 Higgs+ pair. Then in two separate interactions, the two higgs interact with the two particles to change the handedness of the particles and generate a γ- and γ+ pair which could annihilate. It is not an obvious attraction (well at least not to me; I am not a physicist), more like a status quo, but in an environment of expansion and repulsions maybe status quo serves as an 'attraction'?